Early YMCA work was introduced around 1928 by John R. Mott and others related to the Dutch and German YMCAs, and was limited to specific projects. In 1946 a serious attempt was made to organize the movement. Large and well-equipped recreation centres primarily served members of the Dutch forces and civilians. Following de facto recognition of Indonesia’s independence, the YMCA of Indonesia was established in 1949, despite serious leadership problems. A National Committee was formed in 1951 and the National Board of YMCAs of Indonesia was affiliated with the World Alliance of YMCAs the same year.